Ceftin Auditory Hallucination: Understanding the Pathophysiology of Cerebral Function

Auditory hallucinations are a common symptom of schizophrenia, affecting the neural basis of social communications and behavior. To comprehend these psychiatric symptoms, it is essential to explore the pathophysiology of cerebral function in auditory communications.

For healthy individuals, greeting conversations play a vital role in communicating socially with family, friends, and community. However, research has shown that individuals with schizophrenia exhibit hypo-activation in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) when accessing vocal attractiveness, indicating brain dysfunction. On the other hand, hyper-activation in the right temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and middle frontal gyrus (MFG) may reflect abnormal cognitive bias processing.

Recent studies have demonstrated a significant positive correlation between cerebral activation under Favorability Judgment Task (FJT) minus Gender Differentiation Task (GDT) contrast and the score of hallucinatory behavior on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale. Furthermore, a full-factorial analysis revealed that the main effect of task was associated with activation of left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and STG.

A recent study showed activation in IFG-STG to be modulated by auditory attractiveness, but no study has investigated whether these IFG-STG activations are impaired in schizophrenia. Impaired self-monitoring and abnormalities of cognitive bias have been implicated as cognitive mechanisms of hallucination regions fundamental to these processes, including inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus (STG), which are abnormally activated in individuals that hallucinate.

The present study aimed to clarify the cerebral function underlying the perception of auditory attractiveness in schizophrenia patients. To achieve this goal, we examined cerebral activation in 18 schizophrenia patients and 18 controls when performing FJT and GDT for pairs of greetings using event-related functional MRI.

Our findings indicate that less activation of left STG was observed in schizophrenia compared to controls, whereas significantly greater activation was found at the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), right occipital lobe, and right amygdala. These results suggest that abnormalities in cerebral function may contribute to the development of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.

In conclusion, this study provides insights into the pathophysiology of cerebral function underlying auditory attractiveness perception in schizophrenia patients. The findings highlight the importance of investigating cognitive mechanisms of hallucination regions, including IFG and STG, to better understand the neural basis of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.

Ceftin auditory hallucination